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1. Introduction to Bioinformatics
- Definition and scope
- Historical development
- Importance in biotechnology
2. Biological Databases and Data Retrieval
- Overview of major biological databases (GenBank, UniProt, etc.)
- Techniques for data retrieval and analysis
3. Sequence Analysis
- DNA sequencing techniques- Sequence alignment methods (pairwise and multiple)
- Sequence similarity search algorithms (BLAST, FASTA)
4. Structural Bioinformatics
- Protein structure prediction methods- Structural alignment techniques
- Protein structure databases (PDB)
5. Genomics and Transcriptomics
- Genome sequencing projects- Gene prediction algorithms
- Gene expression analysis methods
6. Proteomics and Metabolomics
- Protein identification techniques (Mass Spectrometry, 2D gel electrophoresis)- Metabolite profiling methods
- Metabolic pathway analysis tools
7. Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Analysis
- Phylogenetic tree construction methods- Molecular clock theory
- Evolutionary relationship inference
8. Systems Biology and Network Analysis
- Systems biology concepts- Biological network representation
- Network analysis techniques
9. Applications of Bioinformatics
- Drug discovery and design- Disease diagnosis and treatment
- Agricultural biotechnology applications
10. Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications
- Privacy concerns in genomic data- Intellectual property issues
- Societal impact of bioinformatics advancements